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Lionel Murphy : ウィキペディア英語版
Lionel Murphy

Lionel Keith Murphy, QC (30 August 1922 in Kensington, New South Wales21 October 1986 in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory) was an Australian politician and jurist, who served as Attorney-General in the government of Gough Whitlam and as a Justice of the High Court of Australia from 1975 until his death.
==Early life and education==
Murphy was the youngest of five sons, and sixth of seven children of William (b. Ireland) and Lily Murphy (née Murphy). He was born and grew up in Sydney. Though the Murphy household was Irish Catholic, albeit estranged from the Church, Murphy became a humanist and rationalist.
He was educated at government schools in Sydney's south-eastern suburbs, including Kensington Public School in Kensington, where he was dux after repeating his final year in 1935,〔 and Sydney Boys High School from 1936–40〔http://www.shsobu.org.au/wp-content/uploads/judges.pdf〕 in the nearby Surry Hills, graduating with A levels in English, Mathematics, and Chemistry and B levels in Physics and French.〔 After completing his secondary education, in 1941, Murphy matriculated to the University of Sydney, though he had not been successful in gaining a university scholarship awarded to the top 100 in the state.〔 In 1945, after initially ordinary scholastic performance and a brief period of consideration of transferring to study a Bachelor of Arts to major in psychology in the Faculty of Arts,〔 Murphy excelled in his final year, graduating from the School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science with a Bachelor of Science with Honours in Organic Chemistry. In 1943, he had commenced working in the chemistry industry, thereby coming under the authority of the wartime Manpower Directorate.〔
In 1945, Murphy commenced studying law at the Sydney Law School of the University of Sydney and, in 1949, graduated with a Bachelor of Laws with Honours.〔 While at the University of Sydney, during both his science and law degrees, Murphy was politically and socially active and was involved in the Students' Chemistry Society, the Junior Science Association, and the Science Association.〔 In 1944, in his third year of his science degree, Murphy was elected to the Students' Representative Council but was dismissed two hours after his election victory, on a "constitutional technicality".〔 This event is said to have cemented his interest in politics and law, and he commenced participating in the university's debating society and its monthly debates the following year.〔

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